Exhibition of Art Deco Automobiles and Motorcycles Opens at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, in February 2016
Designer unknown, BMW AG, BMW R7 Concept Motorcycle, 1934, BMW Classic Collection. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Bodywork by Figoni & Falaschi, Talbot-Lago, T150C‑SS Teardrop Coupe, 1938, collection of J. W. Marriott, Jr. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Gordon Miller Buehrig, Cord Corporation, Auburn Automobile Company, Model 810 “Armchair” Beverly Sedan (detail), 1936, collection of Rich and Debbie Fass, Pittstown, New Jersey / Stone Barn Inc. Auto Restorations, Vienna, New Jersey. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Bodywork built by LeBaron Incorporated, Packard Motor Car Company, Twelve Model 1106, 1934, collection of Bob and Sandra Bahre. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
O. Ray Courtney, Henderson Motorcycle Co., KJ Streamline Motorcycle, 1930, Frank Westfall, Ner-A-Car Museum, Syracuse, New York. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Gordon Miller Buehrig, Cord Corporation, Auburn Automobile Company, Model 810 “Armchair” Beverly Sedan, 1936, collection of Rich and Debbie Fass, Pittstown, New Jersey / Stone Barn Inc. Auto Restorations, Vienna, New Jersey. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Indian Motorcycle, Chief, 1940, collection of Indian Motorcycle Motorcity, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Bodywork designed by Figoni & Falaschi, Delahaye, 135M Competition Coupe, 1936, the Patterson Collection. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
William Stout, Stout Motor Car Company, Scarab, 1936, collection of Larry Smith, Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Edsel Ford, Eugene T. “Bob” Gregorie, Ford Aircraft Division, Edsel Ford’s Model 40 Special Speedster, 1934, courtesy of the Edsel & Eleanor Ford House. Image © 2008 Peter Harholdt
Jean Bugatti, Automobiles Ettore Bugatti, Type 46 Semi‑profile Coupe, 1929, collection of Peter and Merle Mullin. Image © 2009 Peter Harholdt
“Sculpted in Steel” features more than 15 American and international examples from the classic era of automobile design
HOUSTON—October 22, 2015—Today’s automotive manufacturers often strive for economy and efficiency, but there was a time when art and elegance reigned. Next February, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, opens Sculpted in Steel: Art Deco Automobiles and Motorcycles, 1929–1940, an exhibition that celebrates the cars and motorcycles designed during this iconic period. Fourteen cars and three motorcycles will be on view alongside historical images and videos. Showcasing vehicles from renowned car collectors and museum collections in the United States, Sculpted in Steel will be presented in Houston from February 21 to May 30, 2016.
The American and international examples featured in Sculpted in Steel display the classic grace and modern luxury of Art Deco design—the innovative, machine-inspired style that developed between the two World Wars. The Art Deco movement began in France in the early 1910s, but its development was interrupted by the outbreak of World War I. The style reemerged across Europe after the war and was propelled to international prominence with the success of the International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts in Paris in 1925. During this period, automakers embraced the sleek iconography of streamlining and introduced industrial materials to present aircraft-inspired body styles. Grilles and hood ornaments, headlamps, windows, and instrument panels are just some of the elements that were transformed through the use of chrome detailing and innovative aerodynamics.
Ken Gross, a noted automobile expert and former director of the Petersen Automotive Museum in Los Angeles, worked together with Cindi Strauss, the Museum’s curator of modern and contemporary decorative arts and design, on the selection for the exhibition, which draws on a concept originally developed for the Frist Center for the Visual Arts, Nashville.
“The 1920s to 1930s proved to be one of the most creative eras for international design in all mediums, and Art Deco styling influenced everything from fashion and fine art to architecture and autos,” said Gary Tinterow, Museum director. “Sculpted in Steel includes rare and one-of-a-kind examples that epitomize the artful approach to industry employed by the leading auto designers of the day. These dramatic automobiles and motorcycles are truly works of art.”
“The 14 remarkable cars and three motorcycles on view in Sculpted in Steel were crafted from the finest materials of the time,” said Gross. “They remain today some of the most exciting, iconic, and refined designs of the 20th century.”
“Transportation design in the first half of the 20th century affords numerous opportunities to study the global influence of style,” said Strauss. “The Museum’s collection is rich in objects from the Art Deco period, but it lacks automobiles and motorcycles. Sculpted in Steel offers Museum visitors the chance to learn more about this important period in design history from the point of view of automotive innovation.”
Exhibition highlights include:
- 1930 Henderson KJ Streamline. Henderson was a division of Excelsior Motor Mfg. & Supply Co., a competitor of Harley-Davidson. The custom, one-of-a-kind Model KJ, designed by O. Ray Courtney, is perhaps the fullest expression of streamlining in a motorcycle. Its teardrop-shaped body, fuselage-like fenders, and chromed grille and details unite to form a unified image of speed.
- 1934 Edsel Fords Model 40 Special Speedster. Designed by Ford Motor Company styling chief E.T. “Bob” Gregorie with Ford Aircraft Division fabricators, the Model 40 Special Speedster was built specifically for the company’s president, Edsel B. Ford, and is the only of its kind ever made. Its low-slung design incorporates both racing and aeronautical elements.
- 1936 Stout Scarab. Designed by William Bushnell Stout for his own engineering firm, the Scarab features a streamlined, beetle-like shape and a rear engine. In the Scarab, Stout created a living area on wheels: interior features include movable seats, a folding table, and a backseat that folds into a couch. For these aspects and its capacity to carry numerous passengers, the Scarab is often described as the precursor to the minivan. Fewer than 10 were produced.
- 1937 Delahaye 135 MS Roadster. Created by elite French coach builders Joseph Figoni and Ovidio Falaschi for the 1937 Paris Auto Show, the Delahaye 135 MS Roadster features an all-aluminum body, as well as leather interior and matching carpets provided by Hermès. The disappearing front windshield, sleek convertible top, and fluid chrome detailing are signatures of Figoni & Falaschi.
- 1938 Tatra T97. Designed in Czechoslovakia by Hans Ledwinka, the Tatra T97 embraced the teardrop form of streamlining by licensing the concepts developed by Zeppelin designer Paul Jaray. Its prominent rear dorsal fin, “fast-back,” and integrated fenders projected a futuristic, speed-oriented form. The T97 was the smallest model that embodied Tatra’s new design philosophy.
Sculpted in Steel will be complemented by an exhibition of Art Deco objects from the Museum’s permanent collection. Deco Nights: Evenings in the Jazz Age, on view from December 12, 2015, to June 5, 2016, will feature costumes, accessories, furniture, metalwork, and glass, along with photographs, books, and works on paper that reflect entertaining in the 1920s and 1930s.
Catalogue
A fully illustrated catalogue, published by Stance & Speed, accompanies Sculpted in Steel. The catalogue contains essays by guest curator Ken Gross and architecture expert Thomas Mellins, along with detailed commentary by Gross and automotive historians Richard Adatto and Jonathan Stein on the automobiles featured in the exhibition.
Organization and Funding
This exhibition is organized by the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston.
Lead corporate sponsor:
Lead foundation underwriting is provided by The Hamill Foundation.
Additional generous funding is provided by Texas Commission on the Arts; Norton Rose Fulbright; and the Vivian L. Smith Foundation.
About the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
Established in 1900, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, is among the 10 largest art museums in the United States, with an encyclopedic collection of more than 65,000 works dating from antiquity to the present. The main campus comprises the Audrey Jones Beck Building, designed by Rafael Moneo and opened in 2000; the Caroline Wiess Law Building, originally designed by William Ward Watkin, with extensions by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe completed in 1958 and 1974; and the Lillie and Hugh Roy Cullen Sculpture Garden, designed by Isamu Noguchi and opened in 1986. Additional spaces include a repertory cinema, two libraries, public archives, and facilities for conservation and storage. Nearby, two house museums—Bayou Bend Collection and Gardens, and Rienzi—present American and European decorative arts. The MFAH is also home to the Glassell School of Art and its acclaimed Core Residency Program and Junior and Studio Schools; and the International Center for the Arts of the Americas (ICAA), a leading research institute for 20th-century Latin American and Latino art.
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